Cardiopulmonary physiotherapy is a specialized field focused on helping patients with respiratory and cardiovascular conditions. Through tailored exercises and techniques, it aims to improve lung function, enhance cardiovascular health, and increase overall endurance. Treatments may include breathing exercises, chest physiotherapy, and aerobic conditioning. This type of physiotherapy is vital for individuals recovering from surgeries, dealing with chronic illnesses like COPD or asthma, and aiming to enhance their quality of life. By working closely with healthcare providers, cardio pulmonary physiotherapists develop personalized plans to support optimal respiratory and heart health, ultimately promoting better daily functioning and long-term wellness.
Assessment of Cardiopulmonary Conditions in Patients
Physiotherapists that specialize in respiratory care help patients who have (cardiopulmonary physiotherapy) lung-related issues. These problems may stem from a chronic condition, such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), or pneumonia; they may also arise from an irregular breathing pattern; or they may necessitate surgery or hospitalization following a serious sickness.
Respiratory physiotherapy may help with symptoms such as:
Excessive discharge
Shortness of breath at rest or exertion
Reduced exercise capacity or reduced functional activity due to shortness of breath.
In the initial session, the therapist will take a complete, in-depth assessment to identify the main problem. A personalized treatment program will then be designed.
Respiratory breathing patterns, vocal cord dysfunction and hyperventilation syndrome
Bronchiectasis advice and management
COPD Monitoring and Management
Improve shortness of breath
It has been demonstrated that physiotherapy is effective in helping to clear the airways of sputum, regardless of the cause—acute pneumonia or a chest infection; chronic lung diseases such as cystic fibrosis or bronchiectasis.
We check your chest, get a medical history, and make other observations to evaluate your lungs. Next, we will instruct you on the best way to remove mucus. In addition to breathing exercises, “assistants” or tiny pieces of technology can also be used to speed up the process.
A subspecialty of physiotherapy known as “Geriatric rehabilitation Physiotherapy” or “geriatric physiotherapy” focuses on treating physical issues in the elderly. It mostly focuses on individuals who are aging. Physiotherapy for geriatric rehabilitation helps the elderly and older people maintain their physical strength and balance, boost their self-esteem, and stay active.
Geriatrics Physiotherapy Importance
The Significance of Geriatric Physiotherapy
Our bodies experience several degenerative changes as we age, which weaken our muscles and limit our range of motion and flexibility. As we age, our social and emotional abilities change, which has an impact on our overall wellbeing and quality of life. The care provided by geriatric physiotherapy is crucial because it consists of a series of preventative and intervention strategies that offer the assistance and care required to enhance and maintain functional independence and quality of life.
Conditions of Treatment
Joint Pain Your body’s joints hold weight, link the bones, and support your motions. Joint pain is typically brought on by trauma, inflammation of the joint lining, gout, arthritis, hemarthrosis, and STDs. Long-term, untreated joint discomfort can limit movement and result in weakness or instability that makes it difficult to carry out daily tasks. The most effective treatment for reducing joint pain and enhancing joint stability is geriatric rehabilitation and physical therapy.
Generalized Weakness One of the most prevalent problems that practically everyone experiences at a certain age is generalized weakness. Age-related degenerative changes, such as stiff joints and reduced muscle tone, are one of these characteristics. When additional chronic illnesses, including neurological, endocrine, or musculoskeletal disorders, are present, this gets worse. The flu, thyroid conditions, anemia, depression, sleep deprivation, untreated diabetes, heart failure, and medication side effects are a few typical reasons of widespread weakness. Patients’ quality of life is enhanced by geriatric physical therapy, which aids in the recovery of physical strength and stability.
Postural instability A person with postural instability is unable to keep their posture straight. As stated differently, the loss of reflexes and imbalance are essential for preserving the proper condition. Exercises for balance, which are part of geriatric physical therapy, can help patients regain their normality and improve postural instability.
Balance impaired The loss of normal muscle and bone function in the elderly is the cause of their lack of balance. Orthostatic hypotension and arthritis are the most prevalent causes of it. Numbness in the legs and feet, circulation issues, vision issues, and taking several drugs are other causes that might lead to balance deficits.
Geriatric physiotherapy treatments include balance exercises to help improve muscle and bone functions.
Choose Sneha’s Physiotherapy For Geriatric Physiotherapy Assessment
At Sneha’s Physiotherapy, we aim to maintain functional independence and overall well-being of elderly people.
1. Helps to improve and maintain range of motion of different joints.
2. Specific exercises helps to reduce joint or sine pain.
3. Helps maintaining muscle strength and endurance.
4. Elderly can independently perform all their activities of daily living.
5. Supervised exercises helps in building power and stability which is required to live an independent life.
Women are different from males in a variety of physical and physiological ways, and women’s health benefits greatly from physiotherapy. Menstruation, pregnancy, nursing, and menopause are some of the distinct stages that women go through in life. Women’s intricate hormonal cycles, which have an impact on behavior
When it comes to treating and managing health problems, the most specialized field of physiotherapy is women’s health. Women’s health physiotherapy treatment focuses on the following life stages:
The years of having children.
Both prenatal (Antenatal) and postnatal
Menopause and post-period
Aging (Elderly) lady
Challenges encountered are:
Obstetrical problems (Pregnancy issues)
Weakness in the abdominal muscles
Damage or discomfort to the pelvic girdle (Pelvic girdle injury / pain)
Back pain
Colitis and the bladder (Bladder / bowel disease)
Syndrome of carpal tunnel
Coccydynia (Tailbone Pain)
Constipation
Decreased fitness level / inactivity
Pelvic floor muscle damage
Postural changes
DRAM – Diastasis of rectus abdominous muscle
Assessment For Women Health Physiotherapy
In order to create an appropriate, individualized treatment plan, physiotherapists always do some sort of evaluation. The process of choosing the appropriate physiotherapy treatment involves evaluation and reassessment. Additionally, they decide if a patient requires additional medical examination by a physician (e.g., for a musculoskeletal condition that requires immediate treatment, or for a non-musculoskeletal problem).
An initial physiotherapy examination should be done for a number of reasons, including:
Medical examination/Checkup
Accuracy: Whenever feasible, we identify the precise origin of the issue or grievance, which may stem from anatomical structures or other factors. It is critical to identify every potential cause of discomfort.
Reason:
We identify the contributing variables causing harm and/or complaints. This is a crucial step in choosing the right course of treatment.
Both structural and functional elements are evaluated. Whereas the functional method is more suited for chronic and/or progressive onset injuries, the structural approach is better suited for acute, traumatic injuries.
Due to the complexity of many disorders, it is necessary to be able to examine all pertinent data, including the client’s prior medical history, signs and symptoms, invasive variables, targets, clinical evaluation and examination results, and clinical imaging. Treatment does not have to be complicated, but it must be appropriate given the complex circumstances and elements we are dealing with. This is the reason clinical competence is so crucial.
Because of our experience, we are able to identify important musculoskeletal health concepts such as tissue homeostasis, tissue tolerance, tissue capacity, and regional interdependence.
At the end of the evaluation, the following information should be identified:
Customer Target
A problem list (pain, difficulty with activities, etc.).
A clinical diagnosis as well as possible differential diagnosis
Factors affecting physical :
Internal factors: motor control, mobility (including flexibility), stability (including power)
External factors: training regimen, shoes, equipment, surface etc.
Examples of Physiotherapy Interventions for Women’s Health
Trigger point release
Massage therapy
Rest
Chronic pain management
A personal exercise program
Peri and post-menopausal problems / conditions
Muscle weakness
Pelvic floor weakness
Pelvic organ prolapse
Urinary stress incontinence
Urinary urge
Weight gain
Bladder training
Core stability exercise
Defecation dynamics
Diet change
Decreased general mobility / activity
Lifestyle changes
Osteoporosis
Advantages:
Treatment methods and approaches for particular problems affecting women include:
Muscle retraction –
It enhances movement patterns and fosters body awareness (how you get in and out of your car, lift objects, sit, maintain good posture, etc.). In addition to Pilates, Kegel exercises can be highly helpful for strengthening weak pelvic floor muscles.
Exercise therapy strengthens bones and joints by enhancing mobility, strength, and endurance.
Methods – Applications of heat and / or ice, electrical stimulation therapy, and massage therapy to reduce pain, stiffness, and swelling.
Manual therapy –
Enhancing joint and soft tissue flexibility and mobility can be achieved via the use of repeated and targeted hand motions. Every physiotherapy regimen is unique and tailored to the requirements of the patient. Physiotherapists consider the distinct physical and physiological attributes of women.
Every member of your family benefits greatly from physical therapy at some point. So please don’t be afraid to ask us how we can help.
Physiotherapy Treatment For Women’s Health
– Abdominal muscle exercise
– Manual therapy
– Breathing exercises
– Core stability training
– Guidance on safe exercise in pregnancy
– Health promotion
– Pelvic Floor Muscles Re-education
– Ante Natal and Post Natal Pilates Classes
– Postural correction
– Relaxation techniques
– Strengthening exercises
– Sexual dysfunction and pelvic pain
– Perineal pain
– Pelvic / Abdominal / Lower Back Pain
– Discomfort with sexual intercourse / use of tampons
It’s critical to adhere to an appropriate rehabilitation framework and program if you’ve been hurt and are keen to heal completely. It might take a long time for someone to heal from an injury if they don’t receive targeted, efficient care.
While rehabilitation techniques differ from person to person, the overall framework for recovery is mostly constant and is derived on both the most recent research findings and our professional expertise. We have finished the recommended stages for a successful rehabilitation to put you on the best possible route for recovery.
Relax and protect injury The first stage of recovery is to reduce all further damage and allow the body to begin the healing process. The body’s first reaction to any injury is to start with inflammation and pain. The better you can control the swelling, control the pain, and protect the injured body part to avoid any other damage, we have started the recovery process.
This step will likely involve proper rest and may involve using ice or cold packs, which have some type of protective slope, tape, or tape to protect the injury. Pain management with analgesic medication and / or anti-inflammatory may also be considered.
Recover your Motion After an injury or surgery, factors such as swelling and pain can make it difficult to move an injured body part like you used to.
Physiotherapist does soft tissue and joint mobilization, is an important part of rehabilitation to recover the initial phase range of motion. Using specific flexibility training suited to your injury can help you regain your range of motion, and avoid the lasting impact that decreased range of motion can have on your body function.
Recover your strength Most people are shocked to learn that their injury and subsequent recovery period can lead to muscle weakness and lack of endurance. Objective measures for muscle weakness and wasting are usually noted within 4–6 weeks after injury and surgery. Most important goal in rehabilitation program is to regain the muscle tone and muscle strength.
When sports injuries prevent participation in training and playing time for an extended period of time, it is important to maintain cardiac endurance. Exercises such as steady cycling, pool exercise or gentle exercise may be recommended.
The key to maximizing recovery is performing exercises that minimize growth, maintain good form and proper technique, and strengthen local, regional, and central muscle groups.
Recover your function
The final step in rehabilitation is to recover and play a game-specific function. This phase of injury rehabilitation include restoring coordination and balance, improving speed, agility, and sports-specific skills progressing from simple to complex.
Here we will Guide you what is Pre & Post Surgical Physiotherapy Rehabilitation and how it works
Pre Surgical Rehabilitation Service
Our physiotherapist will assess you for a preoperative rehabilitation evaluation and developing a therapeutic treatment and intervention plan prior to your scheduled surgery (for any joint or spine procedure).
A goal of this trip is to gather baseline data on your pain level and status, functional skills, strength, range of motion at each joint, and breathing pattern. Anything that has to be done at home following surgery (such equipment or safety optimization) will be evaluated.
Regardless of the orthopedic surgery you require, our preoperative care will help you recover swiftly and comfortably. Before having any surgery, our staff of skilled physiotherapists can make sure you have the best possible functional abilities to expedite your recuperation.
Our qualified physiotherapists will collaborate with you to help you for Rehabilitation Before and After Surgery
Post Surgical Rehabilitation
Surgical treatments such as orthopedic, cardiac, thoracic, neurological, and abdominal surgeries may require post-operative rehabilitation. Physiotherapy can assist with a variety of post-operative outcomes that are present after all surgical procedures.
We provide specialized postoperative therapy to assist you in getting back on your feet:
Orthopedic: discomfort, decreased strength, decreased range of motion, postural issues, edema, issues with balance and coordination
Neurological symptoms include weakness, trouble breathing, immobility, muscular atrophy, and loss of feeling.
Deep vein thrombosis, decreased lung function, and infection are more issues that might arise after surgery.
What are The Benefits of Post Surgical Rehabilitation?
After surgery, physiotherapy should start as soon as possible in the hospital. However, it’s crucial to continue physiotherapy even after you’re released from the hospital to ensure the greatest recovery.
In addition to helping you strengthen and mobilize any afflicted joints or muscles, our physiotherapy experts will also urge you to perform a range of exercises to assist address any respiratory or circulatory issues that may arise while you are in the hospital.
Other benefits include:
Effective management of your pain
Help you return to activities of daily living
Strengthen weak muscles
Muscle breakdown
Help you get back to the level you were before
Improve your posture
Gain your freedom
Mobilization exercises to improve circulation and range of movement
Help clear any secretions, improve lung volume and prevent chest infections
Advise on the effective condition to increase comfort and reduce the risk of pressure sores
Soft tissue massage is used after surgery to remove excess inflammation from the site of the wound.
Sneha Physio Post Surgical Rehabilitation
A rehabilitation program is necessary for anyone who has had surgery and is experiencing pain, stiffness, poor balance and coordination, muscular weakness, limited mobility, decreased exercise tolerance, and diminished independence. After the patient leaves the hospital, the rehabilitation program starts. Our care helps the patient become mentally and physically strong, which promotes an early recovery.
After a comprehensive evaluation, our physiotherapists will set short- and long-term goals to collaborate with you to optimize your recovery potential and reduce any post-operative complications.
In general Evaluation and Health Examination In Physiotherapy, the assessment procedure entails speaking with the patient and going over test and medical findings, including those from MRIs and CT scans. A physiotherapist can make clinical choices and establish treatment goals with the use of a sequence of interconnected stages that are involved in any medical examination. Based on this facts, a physical therapist may create a treatment plan that is successful and tailored to the patient’s objectives and needs.
The following are the processes for evaluation:
Basic information
Major Complaint
History
History of Present Illness
History of Treatment
History of Past Disease
Family History
Overview
Basic information
For Evaluation and Health Examination In Physiotherapy documentation purposes, gathering basic data like name, age, gender, residence, and employment is crucial.
However, employment and residence have additional significance since they help us determine what could be the underlying cause of the ailment we are currently experiencing. Additionally, we are able to link an individual’s occupation with their present disease or impairment.
Major complaint
The primary complaint is the most significant issue that the patient is bringing to our attention. It ought to be recorded using the identical phrases or concepts that the individual used.
History
How Evaluation and Health Examination In Physiotherapy, physiotherapists actually interview or engage with patients, it is a crucial component of orthopedic physical therapy for physiotherapists. This allows us to build a rapport with the patient. Our inquiry formulation is more of an artistic than a scientific one. We should be at ease with them during this time and let them share their thoughts on suffering in their own terms. The current illness’s past: It comprises an information gathering on current illnesses or complaints. To gather information The Ultimate Guide to Mastering Health Assessment and Physical Examination Techniques, we pose the following queries:
How old is the problem or illness?
How was it started?
Is it involuntarily or related to injury.
What kind of injuries were sustained?
What makes it comfortable or uncomfortable? Does sleep make him comfortable to sit in a particular pose?
History of Physiotherapy Treatment
We inquire as to whether or not he or she has taken medication, had medical attention of any type, or had physiotherapy. What kind of physical therapy was administered?
Next, go over every medical record from the last procedure, including the MRI, CT scan, and X-ray results.
History of previous illness
In many cases, we have to go through the ills of the past to make connections with the present complaints. We may need to ask for a similar illness or related illness in the previous year / previous years, and treatment can be obtained for it.
Family history
Many cases like rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis all travel in the family. So it is sometimes worth looking at family history.
Overview
Under observation, we have to document everything that we have seen for a patient since entering the department.
Advice
We have to develop a target treatment plan based on the diagnosis, patient complaints, need of the patients.
We classify targets into two types:
Short-term goals – A goal that patients want to meet soon, which means today, this week, this month or how even this year.
Long-term goals – A long-term goal is something you want to achieve in the future which requires time and proper planning.
Pain assessment
How Evaluation and Health Examination In Physiotherapy pain assesment : detecting and describing pain to help in the diagnosis process; Understand the cause of pain to help determine the best treatment; We monitor pain to determine whether the disease or disorder is improving , remaining the same or worsening, and whether pain treatment is working.
Pain is personal and subjective differing from person to person; Therefore, the patient’s self-report of pain is the most reliable gauge of experience. The components of pain assessment include:
History and Physical Assessment
Functional Evaluation
Psychosocial Evaluation
Multidimensional Evaluation
History and Physical Assessment
Areas of focus include pain, the site of the musculoskeletal system and the neurological system The Ultimate Guide to Mastering Health Assessment and Physical Examination Techniques. Other components of history and physical assessment include:
patient self-report of pain
The patient’s behavior and gestures that indicate specific aspects of pain: onset, duration, location, quality of pain (intensity, aggravating and reducing factors)
Drug history
History of disease or injury
History of pain relief measures including medicine, supplements, exercise, massage, complementary and alternative medicine
Functional and Psychosocial Evaluation
Reported prior level of patient work
Overview of Patient’s Behavior while Performing Functional Tasks
Patient or family report of the effect of pain on daily living activities including work, self-care, exercise and leisure
Patient’s goal for pain management and level of functioning
Report the effect of pain on the quality of life of the patient or family
Cultural and developmental ideas
History of pain in relation to depression, abuse, psychotherapy, chemical or alcohol use
Effect of pain on the patient’s cognitive abilities
Multidimensional Evaluation
Several tools are available for an intensive, multidisciplinary pain assessment. It is specifically important with patients who have chronic pain, mixed pain (both acute and chronic), or complex
Common examples of these devices include:
Brief pain list: Provides information about patient’s pain, including psychosocial components.
McGill Pain Questionnaire: Patients can use descriptors for their pain, which provide information about experience and intensity.
General Pain Scale
For patients with newborns through advanced age, there are varieties of pain scales for pain assessment.
Era of Pain
When assessing pain The Ultimate Guide to Mastering Health Assessment and Physical Examination Techniques, it is important to differentiate between acute and persistent / chronic pain and the implications of patient assessment and management:
A comprehensive evaluation using reliable and validated instruments to prevent the onset of acute chronic disease is of extreme importance in acute pain stage performance.
Persistent / Chronic – When pain is persistent, it is important to gather all the information and understand the factors that contribute to the persistence of pain.
Pain Assessment
When assessing pain we use a biopsychosical approach to the assessment of pain and disability because it accounts for the multidimensional nature of pain in domains relevant to physical therapy practice.
Receptive
Exciting
Cognitive
Body
The behavior
Remedy for Pain
Despite the inherent difficulty in measuring pain, there are several accepted tools for tracking pain-related treatment outcomes. Commonly used measures for various pain dimensions include:
Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS)
Visual Analog Scale (VAS)
Verbal Rating Scale (VRS)
Self-report measures
Physical performance measures including Functional Capacity Assessment (FCAs)
Physical / Autonomic Response measures
Chronic pain has many effects on patients, so the results cover several domains:
Amount of Pain
Pain Interference
Physical activity
Emotional Function
Quality of Life
Patient reported global rating
What is posture
It is defined by the approach either by the body with support during muscle activity, or as a result of coordinated action performed by a group of muscles working to maintain stability.
There are two types
Dynamic Posture is something when you are moving your body, like walking, running, or bending over to pick something up. Muscles and non-contractile structures have to work to adapt to changing conditions.
Static Posture is something that you hold yourself when you are not moving, such as sitting, standing, or sleeping. The body segment is aligned and placed in a fixed position. This is achieved by coordination and interaction of muscle groups that are working to counter gravity and other forces.
Optimal Posture
It is important to make sure that you have a good moving and stable posture.
Posture evaluation
When evaluating posture, symmetry and rotation / bending should be seen in anterior, lateral and posterior views.
Assessment
Head Alignment
Cervical, Thoracic and Lumbar curvature
Shoulder level symmetry
Pelvic Symmetry
Hip, Knee and Ankle joints
Sitting
Ears should be aligned with shoulders and shoulders are aligned with hips
Shoulders should be relaxed and elbows are close to the edges of the body
The angle of the elbows, hips and knees are approximately 90 degrees
Feet flat on the floor
The forearm is parallel to the floor with the wrist straight
The feet should rest comfortably on one surface
Posture and Health
Poor Posture can be bad for your health. Slouching / slowing can confuse your musculoskeletal system. It increases pressure on the spine, making it at risk of injury and degeneration, all of which cause neck, shoulder and back pain and reduces flexibility. Poor posture affects joint movements, affects balance and increases the risk of a fall. This makes the digestive system to work slowly. It also affects breathing patterns (harder to breathe).
Advice
Take care of postures during everyday activities, such as watching television, washing dishes or walking.
Be active. Any type of exercise can help improve your posture, but some types of exercise can be particularly helpful, example, Yoga, Tai Chi, and other exercises that focus on body awareness.
Maintain a healthy weight. Excess weight can weaken abdominal muscles, cause pelvic and spinal problems, and contribute to low back pain.
Wear comfortable, low-heeled shoes. Example, Heels can throw off balance and force a person to walk differently. This puts more stress on the muscles and damages the posture.
Body Alignment – Ensure the work surface is at a comfortable height for you, whether it is sitting in front of the computer, making dinner or eating food.
Physiotherapists can identify the posture and provide hands-on treatments, there are posture correction exercises and helpful home exercises to achieve great alignment of body. Some objectives are listed below:
Achieve Normal Joint Range of Motion – Required to allow you to achieve good posture alignment
Achieve Normal Muscle Length – If the muscle is too tight, it will be unable to achieve normal posture.
Gaining Good Muscle Strength – being able to stretch the body in the correct posture.
Achieve Excellent Muscle Endurance – Postural muscles must be able to work for hours on end. Poor endurance is the main reason for habitual poor posture.
Normal Nerve Expansion – Normal posture requires sufficient length of nerve tissue.
Good Spatial Awareness – where you are in space. Provide verbal and visual feedback and assist with postural taping.
Perfect Posture Habits – The hardest part is the initial shift, then reinforcing the correct habit.
